Calculate molarity, dilution volumes (M1V1=M2V2), and solution preparation. Visual beaker animations show dilution steps.
Molarity & Dilution Calculator links amount concentration, one-step stock dilutions, and preparation of a target solution. For molarity it relates moles of solute to final solution volume; for a dilution it solves M1V1 = M2V2; for preparation it translates a target molarity and volume into an amount of solute. The beaker view illustrates the before-and-after volumes. The easy mistake is treating V2 as solvent to add. V2 is the total final solution volume.
A concrete input and expected output from the current implementation.
Input
Dilution: M1 = 2.00 mol/L; V1 = 25.0 mL; M2 = 0.500 mol/L; solve for V2
Expected output
V2 = 100 mL
Rearranging the dilution equation gives V2 = M1V1/M2 = (2.00 x 25.0)/0.500 = 100 mL. The 25.0 mL stock aliquot is diluted to 100 mL total volume, not mixed with 100 mL of solvent.
Molarity is the amount of solute divided by the final solution volume: M = n/V. Volume in liters produces concentration in mol/L. For preparation from a weighed solute, the required amount is n = MV, and multiplying those moles by the entered molar mass gives the corresponding mass. The calculation does not determine the substance's molar mass from its name.
Dilution mode treats the amount of solute as unchanged, equates M1V1 with M2V2, and rearranges for the requested quantity. Both concentrations must describe the same solute on compatible concentration scales. The two volumes can use the same non-liter unit because that unit cancels. The accompanying beakers depict the initial aliquot and larger final solution volume.
No. V2 is the total volume after dilution. In laboratory preparation, measure V1 of the stock and add solvent until the mixture reaches V2. Although V2 - V1 is a useful nominal difference, bringing the solution to the final volume mark is more accurate than assuming mixed liquid volumes are exactly additive.
No. Those are different concentration forms and are not direct substitutes for mol/L. Converting them to molarity can require the solute's molar mass and, depending on the given form, the solution density. Use the calculator only after making that conversion with sufficient information, or use a calculator designed for the original concentration basis.
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