Encrypt and decrypt with Caesar cipher. Animated rotating alphabet wheels and frequency analysis for cryptanalysis.
The Caesar Cipher Visualizer shows how a fixed shift aligns plaintext and ciphertext alphabets, then encrypts or reverses that shift while rotating alphabet wheels display the letter mapping. Its frequency analysis provides another view of ciphertext by exposing repeated-letter patterns that survive substitution. The usual source of confusion is direction: encryption with shift 3 maps A to D, while decryption applies the inverse mapping. The wheel wraps at Z, so X, Y, and Z continue at A, B, and C.
A concrete input and expected output from the current implementation.
Input
Text: ABC XYZ Mode: Encrypt Shift: 3
Expected output
DEF ABC
A shift of 3 sends A, B, and C to D, E, and F. X, Y, and Z wrap around the alphabet to A, B, and C.
A Caesar cipher applies one fixed displacement across the 26-letter Latin alphabet. In encrypt mode, each letter moves by the selected shift; after Z, counting resumes at A. Decrypt mode reverses that displacement. With shift 3, the alphabet alignment is ABC...XYZ against DEF...ABC, making the wheel position and resulting substitution visible together.
The frequency analysis summarizes occurrences by ciphertext letter. Because every occurrence of a plaintext letter receives the same substitution, repeated letters remain repeated under different labels. Common letters and patterns can therefore stand out in longer messages. The distribution alone does not establish which shift is correct; readable language and context are still needed.
Encryption moves letters in the selected direction, while decryption reverses that movement. Encrypting with shift 3 maps A to D; decrypting the result with shift 3 maps D back to A. For a 26-letter alphabet, applying an encryption shift of 23 also reverses an encryption shift of 3.
No. It shows how often ciphertext letters occur, which can help compare their pattern with expected frequencies in a suspected language. Short messages may contain too little evidence, and names or unusual vocabulary can distort the distribution. A candidate shift should also produce coherent words and fit the message's context.
The example and behavioral notes were checked against the browser implementation. Standards and primary references below define the relevant format, formula, or platform behavior.
Calculate percentages, percentage change, and what percent one number is of another with step-by-step breakdowns.
Calculate tips and split bills between multiple people with customizable tip percentages and rounding options.
Calculate monthly payments, total interest, and generate amortization schedules for loans and mortgages.
Calculate Body Mass Index from height and weight with category classification and healthy range guidance.
Calculate sale prices, savings amounts, and final costs after single or stacked percentage discounts.
Compute mean, median, mode, standard deviation, variance, and other descriptive statistics from a data set.