Perform bitwise operations (AND, OR, XOR, NOT, shifts) with visual binary representation and step explanation.
This calculator takes one or two decimal or binary numbers and performs bitwise operations such as AND, OR, XOR, NOT, and left/right shifts. It displays the binary representation of each operand and result, and gives a step-by-step explanation of how the operation proceeds bit by bit. The most common surprise is that bitwise operations work on the full binary representation of the number, not on its decimal digits; for example, 5 AND 3 equals 1, not 0 or 5, because only the lowest bit is set in both.
A concrete input and expected output from the current implementation.
Input
5 AND 3
Expected output
Result: 1 (binary: 001 & 011 = 001). Explanation: 5 = 101, 3 = 011. AND: bit 0: 1 & 1 = 1, bit 1: 0 & 1 = 0, bit 2: 1 & 0 = 0. Result: 001 = 1.
The AND operation compares each corresponding bit: only bit 0 is 1 in both numbers, so the result is binary 001, which is decimal 1.
Each operand is converted to its binary representation using the minimum number of bits needed to represent the maximum operand, with leading zeros added for clarity. The tool then aligns the binary strings and performs the selected operation bit by bit, from least significant bit to most significant bit, and shows the resulting binary string.
For each bit position, the tool lists the operand bits and the result of the operation. For shifts, it shows how bits move left or right, including which bits fall off the end and what value fills the vacated positions (0 for logical shifts). The final step converts the binary result back to decimal and displays it alongside the binary.
No, it only accepts non-negative integers. For signed operations, you would need to think about two's complement, but this tool does not handle that. Entering a negative number will cause an error message.
For example, shifting a number right by 8 when it has only 8 bits will result in 0, because all bits fall off the end. The tool will show the step-by-step process and final result as 0, which is mathematically correct for logical shifts.
The example and behavioral notes were checked against the browser implementation. Standards and primary references below define the relevant format, formula, or platform behavior.
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