b2KIT

Cryptographic Commitment Scheme

Create binding commitments to values using hash-based commitment schemes. Reveal and verify later without trust.

Tested tool guide Tested browser tools Checked August 16, 2026

What Cryptographic Commitment Scheme does and how it behaves

You enter a value and a random secret nonce; the tool returns a one-way hash of the two combined, as a hex digest. Share that digest as your commitment. When it is time to reveal, you enter the original value and nonce again and the tool recomputes the hash to confirm it matches the commitment. The binding property comes from the hash's collision resistance; the hiding property comes almost entirely from the nonce. Commit without a nonce and anyone who can guess your value can brute-force it. The tool runs entirely in the browser, so your value and nonce never leave the machine.

How the result is produced

1

Committing with a blinding nonce

To commit, the tool concatenates your value with a random nonce and hashes the combined bytes, typically with SHA-256, returning a fixed-length hex digest. Publishing that digest hides the value because the nonce supplies entropy: for any guessable value there are astronomically many nonces that could have produced the same digest, so an observer cannot tell which value was committed. The digest itself reveals no structure about its input.

2

Reveal and verify

Revealing means publishing the original value and nonce. Anyone can then recompute the hash and compare it against the stored commitment; an exact match proves that this value and nonce pair are the ones that were committed. Finding a different pair that hashes to the same digest would require breaking the hash's collision resistance, which is infeasible for SHA-256, so the committer cannot later swap in a different value.

Good uses

  • Sealed-bid auctions or voting-style polls where every choice must be submitted before any choice becomes visible: everyone commits first, then everyone reveals after submissions close.
  • Proving prior knowledge of an event, such as a closing price or a draw result, without trusting a timestamp service: commit the value before the event becomes public, reveal it after.
  • Fair random selection between parties, such as a coin flip or draft order: each party commits a random number, then all reveal, so the last person to reveal cannot bias the outcome.

Limits and checks

  • A commitment without a random nonce is not hiding: if your value is a name, date, or small number, anyone can hash guesses until one matches. The nonce is the hiding mechanism, not an optional extra.
  • Hiding depends on the nonce staying secret until the reveal phase. Revealing it early, or reusing a nonce across two different commitments, can let observers detect relationships between commitments they should not be able to see.
  • A commitment is not encryption and not a receipt. The digest cannot be decrypted: if you lose the value or the nonce before revealing, the commitment is permanently unopenable. It also carries no timestamp, so it proves nothing about when it was created unless you arrange proof of that separately.

Common questions

Can someone work out what I committed before I reveal it?

Not if the commitment includes a random nonce that stays secret: the digest is one-way, and with enough nonce entropy brute-forcing is infeasible. But if the value is guessable and you committed without a nonce, they can simply try guesses. Also note the scheme cannot protect you from being pressured to reveal later; that is outside what a commitment does.

I lost the note with my nonce. Can the tool recover my commitment?

No. There is no key, database, or backdoor; the hash is one-way by design, so the original input cannot be recovered from the digest, and verification needs the exact bytes you committed. Even one changed character or a different encoding produces a different hash. Save the value, nonce, and commitment together before you share anything.

References and verification

The behavioral notes were checked against the browser implementation. Standards and primary references below define the relevant format, formula, or platform behavior.

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